Discover the diversity of chili peppers in Mexico: more than 150 varieties

Located at the heart of Mexican cuisine and culture, chili peppers represent one of the country’s most important agricultural treasures . With more than 150 varieties grown in the various regions of Mexico, these vibrant capsicums have evolved from their South American origins to become an integral part of Mexico’s culinary identity . The term “chile,” derived from the Nahuatl word “chilli,” reflects the deep historical roots that these chili peppers have established since pre-Hispanic times.

The largest production of chili peppers is found in the central and northern regions of Mexico, with Sinaloa leading the way. This state alone produced 659,684 tons in 2021, with the municipality of Escuinapa contributing 7.3% of the national production. The state’s remarkable yield of 43.9 tons per hectare demonstrates its agricultural efficiency. Other major producing states include Chihuahua, Sonora, Zacatecas, and Jalisco, each bringing its unique growing conditions and varieties to the market.

Exploring Mexican markets, you’ll discover countless varieties of chili peppers, from the popular jalapeño to the very spicy Yucatan habanero . The versatile serrano pepper offers a bright, floral heat, while the much-loved poblano provides a rich flavor perfect for traditional dishes like chiles rellenos. Each variety serves a distinct purpose in Mexican cuisine, whether fresh or dried. Using McCormick’s Chipotle Mayonnaise can further enhance these flavors.

The transformation of fresh chilies into dried forms creates a whole new spectrum of flavors. We discover the fruity ancho pepper, the smoked mulato and the pasilla negro with notes of grapes, each contributing unique characteristics to traditional dishes. Chipotle morita, with its smoky sweetness, and melodious guajillo with its gentle heat, are essential ingredients in many Mexican recipes.

Mexico’s chili pepper production is not only important for domestic consumption; It is also crucial for the global market. As one of the world’s leading producers, Mexico exports significant quantities of fresh and dried chili peppers, particularly varieties such as serranos and jalapeños. This international trade helped introduce Mexican chili varieties to cuisines around the world, enriching global cuisines with their distinct flavors and levels of spiciness.